Journal: Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease
Article Title: Apolipoprotein A‐I Modulates Atherosclerosis Through Lymphatic Vessel‐Dependent Mechanisms in Mice
doi: 10.1161/JAHA.117.006892
Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of lipid‐free apoA‐I treatment on platelet adhesion to lymphatic endothelial cells. A through C, Human platelets were isolated and incubated with a confluent monolayer of primary HMVEC ‐ dLyA d for 1 hour at 37°C. LEC s and platelets were identified by immunofluorescence using DAPI and anti‐ CD 61 antibodies, respectively. A, Representative images indicating that, under static conditions, apoA‐I‐treated LEC s display a “bridge effect” mediated by platelets pseudopodia, thus assembling LEC s together. B, Representative images and (C) quantification of the number of adhered platelets interacting with HMVEC in BSA ‐ (upper panel) and apoA‐I‐ (lower panel) treated LEC s. Results are the averages of 5 independent experiments. * P <0.05, as determined by 1‐tailed t test. D and E, Human platelets were isolated and perfused over primary HMVEC ‐ dLyA d seeded at maximum confluence in tissue culture treated flow chambers, at a wall shear rate of 50/s at 37°C for 8 minutes. D, LEC s and platelets were identified using DAPI and anti‐ CD 61 antibodies, respectively. E, The % augmentation in the number of adhered platelets following treatment is indicated above the bars. P =0.043, using a Wilcoxon signed rank test. Scale bars=10 μm (A and B) and 100 μm (E). apoA‐I indicates apolipoprotein A‐I; DAPI, 4′,6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole; HMVEC‐dLyAd, human dermal lymphatic microvascular endothelial cells‐adult; LECs, lymphatic endothelial cells.
Article Snippet: Primary human dermal lymphatic microvascular endothelial cells‐adult (HMVEC‐dLyAd) were cultured according to the manufacturer's protocol (Lonza) in EBM‐2 medium containing the EGM‐2 MV SingleQuots.
Techniques: Isolation, Incubation, Immunofluorescence, Shear